Hypothesis Test for Comparing Two Proportions

In this article we will go through the steps necessary to perform a hypothesis test, or test of significance, for the difference of two population proportions.  This allows us to compare two unknown proportions and infer if they are not equal to each other or if one is greater than another. Hypothesis Test Overview and Background Before we go into the specifics of our hypothesis test, we will look at the framework of hypothesis tests.  In a test of significance we attempt to show that a statement concerning the value of a population  parameter (or sometimes the nature of the population itself) is likely to be true.   We amass evidence for this statement by conducting a statistical sample.  We calculate a statistic from this sample.  The value of this statistic is what we use to determine the truth of the original statement.  This process contains uncertainty, however we are able to quantify this uncertainty The overall process for a hypothesis test is given by the list below: Make sure that the conditions that are necessary for our test are satisfied.Clearly state the null and alternative hypotheses. The alternative hypothesis may involve a one-sided or a two-sided test.  We should also determine the level of significance, which will be denoted by the Greek letter alpha.Calculate the test statistic. The type of statistic that we use depends upon the particular test that we are conducting.  The calculation relies upon our statistical sample.  Calculate the p-value. The test statistic can be translated into a p-value.  A p-value is the probability of chance alone producing the value of our test statistic under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true. The overall rule is that the smaller the p-value, the greater the evidence against the null hypothesis.Draw a conclusion. Finally we use the value of alpha that was already selected as a threshold value.  The decision rule is that If the p-value is less than or equal to alpha, then we reject t he null hypothesis. Otherwise we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Now that we have seen the framework for a hypothesis test, we will see the specifics for a hypothesis test for the difference of two population proportions.   The Conditions A hypothesis test for the difference of two population proportions requires that the following conditions are met:   We have two simple random samples from large populations.  Here large means that the population is at least 20 times larger than the size of the sample. The sample sizes will be denoted by n1 and n2.The individuals in our samples have been chosen independently of one another.  The populations themselves must also be independent.There are at least 10 successes and 10 failures in both of our samples. As long as these conditions have been satisfied, we can continue with our hypothesis test. The Null and Alternative Hypotheses Now we need to consider the hypotheses for our test of significance.  The null hypothesis is our statement of no effect.  In this particular type of hypothesis test our null hypothesis is that there is no difference between the two population proportions.  We can write this as H0: p1 p2. The alternative hypothesis is one of three possibilities, depending upon the specifics of what we are testing for:   Ha:  p1 is greater than p2. This is a one-tailed or one-sided test.Ha: p1 is less than p2. This is also one-sided test.Ha: p1 is not equal to p2. This is a two-tailed or two-sided test. As always, in order to be cautious, we should use the two-sided alternative hypothesis if we do not have a direction in mind before we obtain our sample.  The reason for doing this is that it is harder to reject the null hypothesis with a two-sided test. The three hypotheses can be rewritten by stating how p1 - p2 is related to the value zero.  To be more specific, the null hypothesis would become H0:p1 - p2 0.  The potential alternative hypotheses would be written as: Ha:  p1 - p2   0 is equivalent to the statement p1 is greater than p2.Ha:  p1 - p2  Ã‚  0 is equivalent to the statement p1 is less than p2.Ha:  p1 - p2  Ã‚  Ã¢â€°   0 is equivalent to  the statement p1 is not equal to p2. This equivalent formulation actually shows us a little bit more of what is happening behind the scenes.  What we are doing in this hypothesis test is turning the two parameters p1 and p2  into the single parameter p1 - p2.  We then test this new parameter against the value zero.   The Test Statistic The formula for the test statistic is given in the image above.  Ã‚  An explanation of each of the terms follows: The sample from the first population has size n1.  The number of successes from this sample (which is not directly seen in the formula above) is k1. The sample from the second population has size n2.  The number of successes from this sample is k2.The sample proportions are  p1-hat k1 / n1  and p2-hat   k2 / n2 .We then combine or pool the successes from both of these samples and obtain:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   p-hat ( k1 k2) / ( n1 n2). As always, be careful with order of operations when calculating.  Everything underneath the radical must be calculated before taking  the square root. The P-Value The next step is to calculate the p-value that corresponds to our test statistic. We use a standard normal distribution for our statistic and consult a table of values or use statistical software.   The details of our p-value calculation depend upon the alternative hypothesis we are using: For Ha: p1 - p2   0, we calculate the proportion of the normal distribution that is greater than Z.For Ha: p1 - p2  Ã‚  0, we calculate the proportion of the normal distribution that is less than Z.For Ha: p1 - p2  Ã‚  Ã¢â€°   0, we calculate the proportion of the normal distribution that is greater than |Z|, the absolute value of Z.  After this, to account for the fact that we have a two-tailed test, we double the proportion.   Decision Rule Now we make a decision on whether to reject the null hypothesis (and thereby accept the alternative), or to fail to reject the null hypothesis.  We make this decision by comparing our p-value to the level of significance alpha. If the p-value is less than or equal to alpha, then we reject the null hypothesis. This means that we have a statistically significant result and that we are going to accept the alternative hypothesis.If the p-value is greater than alpha, then we fail to reject the null hypothesis. This does not prove that the null hypothesis is true. Instead it means that we did not obtain convincing enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.   Special Note The confidence interval for the difference of two population proportions does not pool the successes, whereas the hypothesis test does.  The reason for this is that our null hypothesis assumes that p1 - p2 0.  The confidence interval does not assume this.  Some statisticians do not pool the successes for this hypothesis test, and instead use a slightly modified version of the above test statistic.

Same Sex Marriages Should Be Legal - 1713 Words

Same-sex marriages have a same gender identity or biological as gay and lesbian couples. Not a long time ago, people did not understand about gays, homosexualities, and these married situations. Therefore, they have many false ideas about gays and think homosexuality is against God and nature. After many years, gay people fought for same-sex rights and had many improvements in understanding these relations. Besides, more people had open minds to homosexuality and accepted gay marriages. According to â€Å"Supreme Court Strike down Bans on Same-Sex marriage,† Richard Wolf and Brad Heath (usatoday.com, June 26,2015) wrote that The US Supreme Court allowed same-sex marriages legally in fifty states. In other words, gays and lesbians have freedom rights to love and marry like any normal person. Millions of Americans were very happy because gay couples became legally during their waiting and struggling a long time, and this was also a historic milestone. Although some people still dispute against this problem, I believe that the law and we should have equal rights for the gay couples become legally because they have the human rights and have the right to pursue their happiness, adopt children, and people should not discriminate against them. The US Supreme Court expanded the freedom right for gay couples to follow their happiness because they have right to love anybody from their heart. People should not discriminate same-sex couples because they also have the living right as normalShow MoreRelatedSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1288 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage is not precisely the same as it used to be interpreted. For example, women used to be their husband’s property. Sometimes the women were forced to marry whoever their parents wanted them to marry and most of the time they couldn’t leave the marriage. Nowadays women have more freedom. They can vote, they can run their own business, and they can marry whichever man they want to. The laws change as the people’s mind change. As they get more comfortable with the idea, they become more openRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesSame sex relationships relate to when a man or woman are attracted to someone of the same gender of themselves. It is being rejected as same gender marriage denies the obvious purpose between a man and a women which is procreation (Richardson-Self, 2012). Denying same sex couples the legal right to get married, could mean that they are being denied their basic human rights to enjoy human benefits (Richardson-Self, 2012). However, the opposing view is that if gay marriage was granted the legal rightsRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1403 Words   |  6 PagesSame-Sex Marriage â€Å"I now pronounce you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  At some point in a person’s life, they have heard or will hear those words. What follows, however, has changed somewhat over the years; although, the commitment has remained the same. Those words historically indicate that until the death of a spouse, that couple shall remain together. Who should be able to determine whom that spouse is for that person? Some people judge others for their sexuality and how it is affecting them, but they never stop andRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1144 Words   |  5 PagesGay Marriage There are many issues the revolve around same-sex marriage. Many issues like: Whether same-sex should be legalized and should there be an amendment on same-sex marriage? There are multiple side to view this, but gay marriage but in my opinion gay marriage is socially accepted. it should be legal and it does affect American teens in a broad spectrum of ways. There have been a lot of issues on whether or not same-sex marriage should be legal or not. According to Burns, â€Å" The unionRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal998 Words   |  4 PagesSame sex marriage ought to be legalized on the grounds that it is uncivilized and unmerited. Marriage is a commitment between two people that cherish one another. In almost every country and culture, marriage is a commitment of loyalty and love. Marriage is an authority contract gathering two individuals together, furnishing them with profits of holy matrimony such as tax cuts and clinical privileges. The debate throughout most countries today is whether or not the rights of these profits and commitmentsRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1659 Words   |  7 Pages Same-sex couples can hardly remember a time where they were not fighting for their right to marriage in the United States. After several court cases, California Proposition Six, and their struggle against the Defens e of Marriage Act (DOMA), same-sex couples found their way into U.S. society. Many misguided studies appealed to those opposing same-sex marriage, but after several years of integrating in society, same-sex couples found the support they were looking for. Before the Supreme CourtRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal899 Words   |  4 Pages In the United States, same sex marriage became legal nationwide on June 26, 2015, when the United States Supreme Court overruled the court in favor of same sex freedom and marriage. The victory of same sex marriage came to be recognized from the Obergefell v. Hodges case which was submitted when an American Ohio man was denied and regretted to get his name on his late husband’s death certificate. Same sex marriage has been a controversial social issue in the United States for several decades. SinceRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1491 Words   |  6 PagesSame sex marriage is one of the most debatable issues in the modern world. Marriage has been accepted as the social union between a man and a woman for the past thousand years. Homosexuality was viewed with scorn, and marriages among same sex couples were prohibited in most cultures across the globe. However, gay relationships are slowly obtaining acceptance, as homosexuals have come to be expressive in fighting their rights to marry in the early 90’s. As homosexuality grows in acceptance in theRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal892 Words   |  4 PagesLove Same sex marriage is now allowed in all states across the country. But it took years and years for this â€Å"issue† to be finally laid to rest. The first state to legalize same-sex marriage was Massachusetts in 2004. There was not a last state to legalize gay marriage. The supreme court realized how many states were now legalizing it, so they just had all of the states left legalize it as well. ProCon.org supplies information that â€Å"Twenty-six states were forced to legalize gay marriage becauseRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal2253 Words   |  10 Pages1776). The recognition of same-sex marriage is an issue influenced by numerous factors, and debates continue to arise over whether people in same-sex relationships have the right to marriage. Marriage provides many benefits, legally, financially, and personally. Same-sex marriage can open up those in same-sex relationships to tax benefits and financial demands comparable to those afforded to and required of peo ple in opposite-sex marriages. Same-sex marriage also gives them legal protections, such as

Appendix a †Meditation Worksheet Free Essays

Appendix A – Meditation Worksheet Veronica P. Sally-Garner PSY/211 ESSENTIALS OF PSYCHOLOGY Thursday, October 20, 2011 Instructor: Terry Browning Appendix A Meditation Worksheet Directions: Locate two resources on the Internet that explain meditation techniques. Copy and paste the web address into the top of the matrix. We will write a custom essay sample on Appendix a – Meditation Worksheet or any similar topic only for you Order Now After reviewing the website, provide a brief summary for each source. Below your summary, list two interesting facts you learned from each site. Try the techniques you located in your Internet search. Provide a brief description of what happened in your experience. Be sure to answer the two questions below the matrix also. Web Address (URL):| http://bestmeditationtechniques. org/the-basics-of-meditation| http://www. mum. edu/meditation. html? gclid=CKOsutyS-KsCFQ1U7Aod9HlUKw| Summary of resource:| Things happen so quickly in this fast-paced world. Decisions are made without thought. This could cause stress to build and affect the way people deal with life. Everyone needs to stop and take a few minutes to calm down. So if life is stressing you out, it’s time to slow down. Meditation can help relieve stress and worries. The practice of meditation is a way to be still for a while and let our minds become focused until we become calm enough to deal with the daily pressures of life. | Mediation can mean different things to different people. Mediation can be defined in three main types: focused attention- concentration, open monitoring-contemplation, and automatic self-transcending – the Transcendental Mediation Program. Transcendental Meditation also known as TM. TM is the most widely practiced, most researched, and most effective method of self-development mediation technique. Two interestingFacts: | 1. Meditation can improve Concentration. Two commonly used exercises are: Mantra – a phrase or a sound that is recited repeatedlyBreathing – achieved by inhaling through the nose, letting the diaphragm (not the chest) expand and exhaling through the mouth 2. Breathing is an integral part of meditation. Proper breathing is required in many practices of meditation and is therefore an im portant tool to be possessed by people who wish to mediate. The practice of proper breathing while meditating slows down a person’s heart rate which leads to a relaxed mood. While this may sound easy, it can be quite challenging when done for the first time. | 1. Transcendental Meditation is the most popular technique. It is practiced by people of all ages, cultures, and religions. More than five million people worldwide practice this simple, natural technique. 2. People who practice Transcendental Meditation find themselves more alert, calmer, more energetic, dynamic, yet somehow wiser, as if you have a broader perspective on their daily activities and experiences. | What happened after you tried each technique? | After trying each technique one should feel relaxed and a sense of heighten awareness. Meditation helps the mind become less distracted. | After trying Transcendental Meditation one should have more confidence and higher self esteem. | 1. Do you think meditation leads to heightened sensation and perception? Explain why or why not. ————————————————- Mediation can lead to heightened sensation and perception. Each is different but ————————————————- complements each other. Sensation is the process by which we sense through touch, smell, ————————————————- sight, taste and smell. Perception is our way of interpreting what these sensations mean and ————————————————- how to make sense of it. 2. Have you considered integrating meditation into your own lifestyle? If so, list one strategy for fitting meditation into your schedule. If not, explain why. ————————————————- I have integrated meditation into my personal lifestyle with physical exercise. Physical ————————————————- exercise promotes overall fitness, helps manage emotional stress and relieves tension. How to cite Appendix a – Meditation Worksheet, Papers

Media Advertising The Army Advertising Campaign Essay Example For Students

Media Advertising The Army Advertising Campaign Essay Targets You! Exploratory Essays Research PapersThe U. S. Army Advertising Campaign Targets You! The United States Army recruitment campaign slogan of An Army of One, is reminiscent of the legendary Musketeers code. These men protected the king and lived by the phrase One for All and All for One. To the Musketeers this represented the power they found in unity as well as in individuality, combined. This relationship, though somewhat subtle, is simply a play on the recent felt need of many to serve and protect their country and freedom. The U.S. Army uses television, print, and now the World Wide Web with an interactive internet website, at www. goarmy.com, for recruiting males and females from right out of high school, to the age of 35, although this particularly is trying to reach the large, new internet using group of young people today. The new Go Army ad campaign from the United States Army, successfully overcomes its slight lack of logical reasoning, by appealing to its audiences interests by using the implicit high reputation that the U.S. Army entails and by employing the surge of patriotic and sense of duty; as well as visually captivating graphics that draw on desires to be adventurous and exotic. The site has visually stimulating graphics of men and women in their various uniforms all set in backgrounds of diverse locations. From the starting page there is a man dressed in winter gear in the foreground, with snow-capped alpine mountain peaks behind him. While the page is loading a flash quote reads, Ive trained in desert, urban, jungle, and alpine. .. Next to this picturesque scene is the army logo, with the phrase written down the side An Army of One. This is characteristic of the sites use of attractive visuals to appeal to its audience. There are various pop-up options available at the bottom of the screen, including; enlistment bonus, learn about the online game, partnership for youth success, and hot shots. Another sidebar also includes ice soldier-pushing the limits, arena football, and career professionals. Each element is meant to appeal to a different aspect of their intended audience. The U. S. army deliberately de-emphasized the logical reasoning of their purpose, to ask their audience to join the army. This was an intelligent decision in and of itself because there really arent many good logical reasons to join the army. They dont make any statements on the website like join the army and become strong and healthy, because obviously there are much safer ways to become strong and healthy. Or, join the army because its the best way to make money, because like before, there are safer ways to make money. They specifically dont make mention of any logos because for one, there just arent any really good reasons, and two, because it isnt necessary due to the number and strength of the messages ethos and pathos. The U.S. army uses the fact that it is so well known and highly regarded worldwide, to support its appeal. The U.S Army has been protecting the country since its creation and everyone knows that. From the very opening page of the website there is the Army emblem right there on the side. This denotes credibility. The opening page also shows someone in full dress uniform. When you see someone in an Army uniform, this alone draws your respect for the person. The website also emphasizes other points through its pop-up options, such as the one that talks about the Army Marksmen team that is to compete in a worldwide competition, the heading reads, Armys top marksmen among worlds best. This strong emphasis on ethos is a wise decision because it is very well manifest. In another pop-up option they use an association with a high-class society to support their credibility. This is seen in the option that reads, Partnership for youth success. Jumpstart your career. Critical accounting theory Essay Its asks you to enter the world of the ice soldiers, once again to make that strong appeal to the desire to be in exotic and exciting situations. This is successful because they show such diverse locations very vividly in their graphics and use such highly descriptive terms as vertical ice and roaring winds that appeals to the flood of extreme sports lovers. The ad does not leave out the casual observer of sports however. The option of Arena Football attracts the attention of sports lovers. The visuals in this part of the ad are especially appealing to fans of sports because they are so full of action. The picture shows an actual play in motion of someone running from the opposing team with the ball, and it is all in close-up. The diction here is also very well chosen because they use phrases like force to be reckoned with. The message in this part of the ad is that there is probably no sport more closely associated with the Army than football. This is another good choice of association. Football has become a very popular sport in the U.S., even surpassing at times the viewers of baseball. As a member of this intended audience, being born in Texas, and therefore having football in my blood, I feel this is strongly appeals to me. Not only as seeing them in a game of this different version of the sport, but also in the things they offer at the games. They offer things like prizes, interactive games, and free jerseys. This is a very successful mode of appealing to sports enthusiasts. The U.S. army also makes an attempt to appeal to a larger audience by offering an online video game. This would attract the attention of many youth who are now into this recent fad. The pop-up screen strengthens this appeal by using such terms as innovative and highly realistic. This Official Army Game, therefore reaches its intended audience of the computer savvy generation that has begun to emerge. The purpose is to get these young people to play this game, so that their interest in signing up and doing the real thing might grow. In my case however, because I only play these games because Im too lazy to do the real thing, this method might not be so effective. But the army even has that base covered by stating that just by playing their new game you can Gain experience as a Soldier in the U.S. Army, without ever leaving your desk. The scene it portrays appears to be a desert campaign, so there may also be an implied pull here at recent events in the Middle East. Therefore there may be more than just a fun appeal here, but also a type of appeal to political beliefs and interests. Overall, the U.S. Army most successfully uses the emotion of patriotism as well as the Armys reputation to successfully appeal to its intended audience. They made their message even more appealing, by presenting the message over a wide medium, which is the World Wide Web. By expanding their audience to sports lovers, marksmen, and the online game players of today, they will gain that much more coverage and attract that many more recruits. These reasons would be enough for me to join if I didnt have any other reasons not to do so. Personally, I feel I owe my country so much for the freedoms it provides me, and the army for protecting those freedoms. I feel a strong sense of duty to serve my country, and I almost enlisted the day the towers fell, but an even deeper emotion runs through me, and that is toward my mother. Because she is truly the one who provides me with all that I have, and if she had let me go that day, I would have. Needless to say, she did not, and so I am here. My mother says I can serve my country better this way.

Review of Another Bullshit Night in Suck City

Introduction The memoir, â€Å"Another Bullshit Night in Suck City†, by Nick Flynn can be aptly described as a tale of redemption, of finding one’s self and how despite the passage of time and the buildup of resentment family is still considered an essential aspect of one’s existence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Another Bullshit Night in Suck City specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When reading through the early chapters of the book I could not help but think that this work was a way in which the author was trying to develop a sense of closure with his past and with the departure of this father early on. An example of this particular point of view can be seen in the following passage: â€Å"Some part of me knew he would show up, that if I stood in one place long enough he would find me, like you’re taught to do when you’re lost. But they never taught us what to do i f both of you are lost, and you both end up in the same place, waiting.† (Flynn, 1 – 357). From this passage alone it can be seen that the author, in a way, was always waiting for his father to arrive. The sense of loss that is exuded by this passage is palpable and it is obvious that the author truly did miss his father while growing up. Upon further reading it can even be implied that the author in effect blames his father for all the misery that occurred to him. In that if he had only been there, if had tried his best to be a father instead of taking the easy way out then maybe things would have been different. Their family might have been happier and his mother would not have had a succession of failed relationships and drinking binges which lead to her inevitable depression and death. TAdvertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More hus, from a certain perspective it can be said that the memoir is a way in which the author showcases his â€Å"inner demons†, shows his vulnerability by hesitating to overcome them and in the end portrays how he come to terms with who he is, who his father is and what he should do with his life in order to move forward. The Author’s Inner Demon’s The following is a passage which I believe exemplifies the theme of the first few chapters of the memoir: â€Å"In my experience, whatever happens clings to us like barnacles on the hull of a ship, slowing us slightly, both uglifying and giving us texture. You can scrape all you want, you can, if you have money, hire someone else to scrape, but the barnacles will come back or at least leave a blemish on the steel.† (Flynn, 1 – 357) My interpretation of this particular passage is that the author is implying that all the misery, all the suffering and the plethora of unfortunate events that have occurred to him weighs him down to such an extent t hat they are the primary cause behind his drinking and rather dark outlook on life. It connects rather succinctly to the theme of his early life that was bereft of a father, lost his mother, was aimless, dark and dismal without a single ray of hope. The first few chapters of the novel show an individual that has experienced dark times and has let them affect him to such an extent that they have almost become a part of him. His loss, his anger and even the depression that pervades his every action have become so ingrained in his being that it is almost impossible to tell where the narrator starts and the misery begins. Though the author does not outright state through an emotional outbursts that he is miserable, he does imply such a characteristic through his description of events, the portrayal of the environment in which he finds himself in and the manner in which there seems to an aimlessness in his actions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Another Bullshit Night in Suck City specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This descent into aimless oblivion is best exemplified by the following passage which is an excerpt of a far longer bit of prose which elaborates on the drinking habits of the author: â€Å"The usual I say. Essence. Spirit. Medicine. A taste. I say top shelf. Straight up. A shot. A sip. A nip. I say another round. I say brace yourself. Lift a few. Hoist a few. Work the elbow. Bottoms up. Belly up. Set ‘em up. What’ll it be. Name your poison. I say same again. I say all around. I say my good man. I say my drinking buddy. † (Flynn, 1 – 357) From this excerpt and the chapter that it finds itself in, readers are shown the classic â€Å"descent into drunken stupor† that often times features characters who want to lose themselves into the very drinks they imbibe. The author in this particular instance shows how drinking for him is an escape, it is a way in which he overcomes his need for a relationship with the past which is strengthened by the reappearance of his father in his life. This passage is an expression of the inner demons which continue to haunt the author, pervade his existence and create the means by which he wallows in self-imposed emotional exile. From my own point of view, it is during the first few chapters that the author shows how vulnerable he is wherein through the interspaced elaborations on the conditions of the poor and homeless it can be seen that Flynn is an individual haunted by his past, who cannot move on and views the reappearance of his father as a reminder of all that could have been but was lost. Hesitation in Overcoming his Issues The following is the best example out of all the possible excerpts within the memoir that exemplifies the initial hesitance of the author in overcoming his past:Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Sometimes I’d see my father, walking past my building on his way to another nowhere. I could have given him a key, offered a piece of my floor. A futon. A bed. But I never did. If I let him inside I would become him, the line between us would blur, my own slow-motion car wreck would speed up.† (Flynn, 1 – 357) What can be derived from this passage is that despite the fact that Flynn could have helped his father, accepted him into his home and given him a place to sleep he refused to do so. While he states that he did not want to exacerbate his own descent into oblivion, the fact is that his refusal is more along the lines of what his father represents throughout the memoir. Based on my own personal perspective, I believe that his father in the early and middle parts of the memoir acted as a symbol of his accumulated problems in life. His father was a reminder of what he had lost, his misery, his depression at the present and what his future could possibly be should be allow himself to spiral out of control. By refusing to accept his father he was in effect symbolically refusing to overcome the various issues that plagued him throughout his life. His disdain over what his father hand become was to a certain extent a form of disassociation from him resolving his own issues. Through symbolically linking his father as the source of all his problems and by refusing to accept him, Flynn in effect showed that he was running away from his own problems just as his father had run away from his own responsibilities. Moving Forward Toward the end of the book readers are introduced to the following passage which showcases how the author has moved on from the issues which plagued him in the past. â€Å"That book somehow fell to me, the son, to write. My father’s uncredited, noncompliant ghostwriter. Not enough to be stuck with his body, to be stuck with his name, but to become his secretary, his handmaid, caught up in folly, a doomed proje ct, to write about a book that doesn’t, that didn’t ever, that may not even , exist†. (Flynn, 1 – 357) While the tone of the passage may seem negative, it is anything but that. From this passage alone it is implied that everything that has been written so far is dedicated to the author’s father in that the wonderful memoir he has written is in a way a collaborative work that spans the years. It is an expression of how the author has moved forward from anger, resentment, hatred and indifference to caring, accepting and truly loving his father once more. It portrays how he has overcome his inner demons, developed his own positive outlook on the world and has taken all the negative things that have happened to him into a learning experience that enables him to continue to move forward with his life. As I close this examination of the book I have to mention that though the memoir focused on several truly painful and heart rending moments of the authorâ €™s life, there was little in the way of emotional outpouring originating from the text. Instead of creating passages that were dripping with emotion, the author instead portrayed a variety of scenarios, instances and points of view that illicit emotional responses from readers instead of telling them of how he felt at the time. By doing so he created a method by which people derived intellectual value from the events and how they were depicted rather than the author stating over and over again on how depressed he was (Paramenter, 1). This style, I believe, was an intentional aspect of how the author chose to depict this story since for him this memoir is a form of closure and, as such, to wallow in self-depression through emotional writing goes against the inherent theme of closure which pervades this memoir. As such, the writing style which is seemingly like a person from the outside looking in is one that shows little emotional response however is intentional so as to show th at the author, through this memoir, has finally come to terms with all that has happened to him in the past and has moved on (SR, 1). Works Cited Flynn, Nick. Another Bullshit Night in Suck City: A Memoir . New York: W. W. Norton Company, 2010. 1-357. Print. Paramenter, Chad. â€Å"Nick Flynn and ‘The Ticking Is the Bomb’.† the Paris Review. the Paris Review, 2010. Web. SR. â€Å"Another Bullshit Night In Indiana: An Interview with Nick Flynn.† Sycamore  Review. Sycamore Review, 2006. Web. This essay on Review of Another Bullshit Night in Suck City was written and submitted by user Madelyn Miranda to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Stamp Act of 1765 Essays - Stamp Act, Thirteen Colonies, Tax

The Stamp Act of 1765 Essays - Stamp Act, Thirteen Colonies, Tax The Stamp Act of 1765 is a parliamentary act of Great Britain that touched upon the colonies of British America. This document was based on the imposition of the direct tax on the Thirteen Colonies. The main idea of this document was to make British colonies print their books, newspapers, playing cards and other printed materials on the stamped paper that was produced in London. The Crown made this decision to improve its financial condition, because the treasury of Great Britain required gold. Obviously, the Parliament decided to impose taxes on the countrys colonies. It was impossible to print the smallest announcement without the stamp of the Crown. It is natural that this policy was met violently. People were not ready to such unexpected and meaningless taxes and they protested furiously. The Stamp Act of 1765 caused severe protests in all cities of British America. People could not bear the fact that they did not have their own representatives in the Parliament of Great Britain. Consequently, they did not have the opportunity to influence the structure and character of taxation and its usefulness and sensibility. There were spontaneous demonstrations and rallies in all colonies. The biggest rally was in Boston, where furious crowd destroyed a vice governors mansion. Naturally, London decided to resolve this conflict and repealed this Act on 1766. It does not worth mentioning that the Parliament imposed many other similar taxes afterwards, but the colonies opposed them in the same manner. It is possible to say that such a united and cohesive attitude towards the pressure of colonists maintained the process of struggle for independence. The Stamp Act of 1765 is a good subject for analysis, because it illustrates the meaningless of colonial policy. One is able to read about this Act in the reliable sources in order to improve his knowledge about this event. Then, it is important to think about the cause of taxation in the context of the financial condition of Great Britain. One should think about the origin of such documents and their influence on the colonies and their people. Students ought to demonstrate the effect of taxation and summarize their research wisely. It is smart to clarify the importance of this event for the history of the USA.

Chalice Chapter 6

She had no idea what a Chalice was supposed to offer a Master who visited her at her home. There must be a tradition, a right thing, even perhaps a rule. But it was not an eventuality it had occurred to her she needed to prepare for. And perhaps there was no rule after all, because the Chalice should have lived at the House, at the House with the Master. â€Å"Honey,† he said. â€Å"Will you offer me honey?† â€Å"Of course,† she said, still wit-scattered. â€Å"Anything – anything I can offer you.† â€Å"Honey, please,† he said politely, as if he were anyone – as if he were one of her customers. She looked at him bemusedly. Which honey? Not the sleepy. The energetic? One of the ache-soothers? Which one? One of the ones she hadn’t figured out yet (maybe they were just to make dull bread or porridge taste wonderful)? â€Å"Of course,† she said, and went indoors, as much to hide her confusion from him – but what did he see with his uncanny eyes? – as to fetch the honey. She went to the shelf where she kept the jars in use, and put her hand out blindly, choosing by not choosing: and so her hand reached itself, and took down a jar. It was one of the mysterious ones: she knew neither what it was for nor what it was made of. It was an early-summer honey, and she could taste the yellow singers and the wild cherry, but there was something else in it as well. Perhaps it’s a confusion-tamer, she thought, and the choice is really for me. She took two spoons, which is what she would normally do for a friend – or had done when she had had friends. But it was only as she picked up the second spoon that it occurred to her that this honey was also her secret favourite, and that she liked not knowing what was in it, and had silly fantasies about what it might be for, besides making dull bread or porridge taste wonderful. Would a Master eat honey straight out of the jar? She dithered a moment longer, and then made up a tray, with a half loaf of bread and a knife, and two cups, and a pitcher of water drawn that morning from the cottage well – whose water now had the faintest sweet taste, as if a little honey were leaking into its source. He was sitting in one of the stone chairs when she came back outside again. She had noticed before that he rarely stood for long; she wondered if the Hardbutt family furniture was to him any improvement on standing, but he looked, she thought, almost relaxed. More relaxed, anyway, than he had ever been during all the gatherings she had stood Chalice to. She paused in her doorway to look at him a moment longer. Even when there was not the slightest breeze the hem of his cloak stirred faintly, as if in response to some intangible air. Or flame. As she watched he raised his hands and put his hood back, tipping his face up to the sun and closing his disturbing red eyes. She’d never seen him bare-headed before and in the strong sunlight she had confirmed what she had suspected since the first time she saw him at the front door of the House, when she had given him the cup of welcome: there was a peculiar, somehow indefinite quality to his features that was not only to do with blackness seen in shadow. The lines of his face seemed strangely mutable, as if they flickered, almost like flames. But she also saw that he had hair: black and straight, pulled back from his face, and tied at the nape of his neck with something she could not see, lost in the folds of the hood. The boy who had smiled at her and her mother as he trotted past on his pony had had curly brown hair. But many straight-haired people had curly hair as children. She had to kneel to move some books out of the way before she set the tray down on the wide low stone that served as an outdoor table. He opened his eyes again and looked at her. She risked looking at him for longer than a glance. She could not discern pupil from iris – if perhaps a third-level priest of Fire still has ordinary irises and pupils – which were as lightlessly black as his skin. What should have been the whites of his eyes were red – red as fire – red as the embers that will set flaming anything that touches them. Reddened eyes in ordinary humans look sore and sick; his looked uncanny and fathomlessly deep. What might he see with such eyes? As she had done the morning he healed her hand, she heard herself asking a question she had no intention of saying out loud: â€Å"Do you see differently?† â€Å"With my red eyes?† he said, equably enough, and blinked. His eyelids stayed closed a fraction longer than a usual blink, and when they opened again that sense of burning embers was even stronger, in a face that seemed itself to flicker slightly, like a hot fire burnt low. â€Å"I’m not sure. It’s a gradual process, being taken by Fire. I still see the leaves of the trees as green, and a cloudless sky as blue. But I see heat, in a way I remember I did not, when I†¦before I entered Fire.† â€Å"You see heat,† she said, not understanding. â€Å"You are warmer than the surrounding air,† he said. â€Å"I see – or read – that. I read Ponty as a warm space too. A warm solid space – a Ponty-shaped space. His heat outlines him, and inside†¦within that outline there is movement, swirls, billows, like a stream in wild country over a rough rocky bed†¦the movement of his life force. It moves clearly and strongly in him, like clear water. It is rarely so strong or so clear in humans. There is a rabbit in the brush over there; I see the curled and curling shape of its warmth, its body, behind the leaves, which screen it, I think, from your sight.† He looked around. â€Å"You can probably pick out the singing birds in your trees by tracing the sound; I can see the silent ones. I can see the ones invisible on their nests, and I can see how many eggs they sit on, for this late brooding. I can see where there is no life inside a shell, that it will not hatch.† â€Å"And the bees?† she said, fascinated. â€Å"Yes. The bees are tiny golden sparks, as of fire.† â€Å"Of honey.† â€Å"Yes. Of honey. The hives glitter with the movement of the bees.† â€Å"I wish I could see them like that,† she said wistfully. â€Å"It must be very beautiful.† He made no answer and – again as she had done that morning before he had first asked her to stand by him – she suddenly recalled to whom she spoke, and looked at him quickly, her mouth already open to apologise. But he was looking at her with what seemed to her was surprise. Her mouth stayed open, but no words came out. â€Å"It is very beautiful,† he said. She looked down, at her tray, at the little lopsided jar of glittering honey. â€Å"I don’t know much – I don’t know as much as I should – about Chalices,† he said. â€Å"Isn’t their usual susceptibility to water?† â€Å"Or wine,† she said. â€Å"Occasionally beer or cider or perry. Perhaps once every other century a woman who is pregnant or nursing when the Chalice comes to her finds that she holds her Chalice in milk, but that is not considered lucky for the demesne. Occasionally in a demesne near the sea it has been brine. I’ve read about the finding and naming of many Chalices now and I’ve not read of another one whose gift was honey. Never honey. I suppose that’s one of the reasons that it never occurred to me what was happening, in the beginning, after†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She knew she was talking too much, but it seemed to pour out of her, like honey from a jar: it wasn’t only the overwhelmingness of her life that made it lonely; it was that she had no one to share with how enormously interesting it also was. â€Å"And the coming is not usually so†¦melodramatic. That will have been the unsettled state of the demesne, I know, but†¦. You do get thing s like wells overflowing, but it was mead and honey everywhere here, and my goats were fountaining milk, and usually it’s not quite so†¦You know the Lady of the Ladywell was our first Chalice – that was her house well originally – her well overflowed, but all that happened, according to the records, is that it was the herald of a drought ending, and so very welcome. â€Å"This demesne has usually had water Chalices – maybe because of the willows. The last Chalice, the one who – who died† – she glanced up at him briefly and away again – â€Å"she was a water Chalice. I think that may be part of why†¦and part of why I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She had babbled on too much already, but she did not want to stop there. â€Å"There’s a very old story about a blood Chalice. She must have had a horrible time. But she brought her demesne through a series of wars that destroyed the demesnes around her, according to the story, so maybe it was worth it to her. I’ve never found any record of her, though, only the story. In the story her demesne is called Springleafturn, and there isn’t one.† â€Å"‘Part of why,'† he said. â€Å"Part of why she and my brother died?† â€Å"I don’t know,† she said. â€Å"I should not have mentioned it.† â€Å"You have the right to know how your predecessor died.† â€Å"I have the right to have been apprenticed to the Chalice I was to succeed! I have the right to have known I was her heir! You have the right to have lived here and supported your brother as Master and learnt what you needed to know as his acknowledged Heir! Our land has the right to be cared for by a Master and a Chalice who know what they’re doing and – and are able to do it!† â€Å"And Willowlands is in trouble because these rights were not honoured.† â€Å"Yes,† she said wearily. â€Å"Yes.† She did not say, And it is why two – lame, faulty, unfit, what do you call a priest of Fire exiled from his Fire? What do you call a small woodskeeper suddenly ordered to be great? – unsuitable, unready people were made Chalice and Master, and why they cannot make a damaged land whole. It is all wrong; and the frame, the pattern, the yoke that holds us all, is not yet broken, but it is breaking. â€Å"Tell me why you said what you did. That being a water Chalice was part of why they died.† She was silent a moment. At last she said, â€Å"They died of fire and wine. I – I guess – and it is only a guess – she might have shaped the way better if she had had more strength for wine. Willowlands has always been very – † She tried to think of an adjective that would fit. The only ones that came to her were â€Å"pure† or â€Å"clean† or â€Å"clear† or â€Å"simple† and she could not say any of them to the brother of the man who had made it not so. There were other demesnes whose strength was not in clarity or purity, but she did not know how to make her own another of them, even to heal it. She thought, If the land chose me, then it cannot want to go that way. The only thing I have to offer is simplicity – dumb, harassed simplicity. â€Å"He was holding one of his – parties – I guess. Yes, he had begun them before he sent me away; indeed it was because of them that he did send me away, because I could, or would, not keep silence about them. No, no one has told me this, but it was the old pavilion that burnt, and it was there I know he held his first assemblies, because it suited his purposes. How can a Master and his Chalice be so insensible as to be overcome by fire, in their own demesne, unless they are drunk – or drugged?† Quickly she said, â€Å"At least we did not lose the House.† â€Å"The House would not have borne such usage as his carouses were,† he responded just as quickly. â€Å"He had to hold them elsewhere. I am sorry the pavilion was not stronger.† â€Å"But – † she said. â€Å"The – the old magic, before the demesnes were made, the old magic still lives close under the earth there. You know this – you must have felt it too. The pavilion was power to use, for good or ill, without rule.† Another silence, while he looked at his hands. â€Å"I apologise for the violence of my words. I did not – do not – hate my brother. The bitterness I feel is the bitterness of my own frustration – my own lack of power to pull our land together again. Or rather, the power is still there, but it has been turned to, or into, Fire, and I cannot turn it back, however I try.† Savagely he clapped his hands together, and when he opened them, a pillar of fire roared up from between them – he closed them again and the fire disappeared. â€Å"That is only a trick to frighten children, here. Here I cannot be sure, if I reach out to grasp a goblet, that I won’t miss, and grab the air, or burn the hand of her who holds it out to me. It is the same when I reach for the earthlines. I miss, or do harm.† â€Å"You healed the burnt hand of the woman who held the goblet for you. It is not all tricks to frighten children,† she said, hoping he had not seen that she had been frightened just now. â€Å"I hear the earthlines too – I not only must, as Chalice, but by being Chalice I cannot help it – and I have felt no harm done lately.† He raised his eyes and looked at her. â€Å"Would you? Would you feel it? Could you say to yourself, ‘Yes, here is a break – a roughness, a troubling – that was not here a sennight ago’?† She returned his look and refused to look away. â€Å"I don’t know. That is what you are pressing me to say, is it not? I don’t know because I don’t know what the earthlines should feel like, should sound like – what they would feel like if the land were settled and content – whether their constant plaintive murmur would at last fall silent. I don’t know. It is only one of a thousand thousand things I don’t know. But I know the land lies quieter now than it did a year ago – than it did six months ago. I know the earthlines lie softer than they did.† He shifted his gaze away from her, as if looking through the woods to the House and then beyond, across the long leagues of the entire demesne. She sat staring at him, and was so far away in her thoughts that when he looked back at her she did not move her eyes quickly enough. â€Å"What do you see?† he said. Chalice Chapter 6 She had no idea what a Chalice was supposed to offer a Master who visited her at her home. There must be a tradition, a right thing, even perhaps a rule. But it was not an eventuality it had occurred to her she needed to prepare for. And perhaps there was no rule after all, because the Chalice should have lived at the House, at the House with the Master. â€Å"Honey,† he said. â€Å"Will you offer me honey?† â€Å"Of course,† she said, still wit-scattered. â€Å"Anything – anything I can offer you.† â€Å"Honey, please,† he said politely, as if he were anyone – as if he were one of her customers. She looked at him bemusedly. Which honey? Not the sleepy. The energetic? One of the ache-soothers? Which one? One of the ones she hadn’t figured out yet (maybe they were just to make dull bread or porridge taste wonderful)? â€Å"Of course,† she said, and went indoors, as much to hide her confusion from him – but what did he see with his uncanny eyes? – as to fetch the honey. She went to the shelf where she kept the jars in use, and put her hand out blindly, choosing by not choosing: and so her hand reached itself, and took down a jar. It was one of the mysterious ones: she knew neither what it was for nor what it was made of. It was an early-summer honey, and she could taste the yellow singers and the wild cherry, but there was something else in it as well. Perhaps it’s a confusion-tamer, she thought, and the choice is really for me. She took two spoons, which is what she would normally do for a friend – or had done when she had had friends. But it was only as she picked up the second spoon that it occurred to her that this honey was also her secret favourite, and that she liked not knowing what was in it, and had silly fantasies about what it might be for, besides making dull bread or porridge taste wonderful. Would a Master eat honey straight out of the jar? She dithered a moment longer, and then made up a tray, with a half loaf of bread and a knife, and two cups, and a pitcher of water drawn that morning from the cottage well – whose water now had the faintest sweet taste, as if a little honey were leaking into its source. He was sitting in one of the stone chairs when she came back outside again. She had noticed before that he rarely stood for long; she wondered if the Hardbutt family furniture was to him any improvement on standing, but he looked, she thought, almost relaxed. More relaxed, anyway, than he had ever been during all the gatherings she had stood Chalice to. She paused in her doorway to look at him a moment longer. Even when there was not the slightest breeze the hem of his cloak stirred faintly, as if in response to some intangible air. Or flame. As she watched he raised his hands and put his hood back, tipping his face up to the sun and closing his disturbing red eyes. She’d never seen him bare-headed before and in the strong sunlight she had confirmed what she had suspected since the first time she saw him at the front door of the House, when she had given him the cup of welcome: there was a peculiar, somehow indefinite quality to his features that was not only to do with blackness seen in shadow. The lines of his face seemed strangely mutable, as if they flickered, almost like flames. But she also saw that he had hair: black and straight, pulled back from his face, and tied at the nape of his neck with something she could not see, lost in the folds of the hood. The boy who had smiled at her and her mother as he trotted past on his pony had had curly brown hair. But many straight-haired people had curly hair as children. She had to kneel to move some books out of the way before she set the tray down on the wide low stone that served as an outdoor table. He opened his eyes again and looked at her. She risked looking at him for longer than a glance. She could not discern pupil from iris – if perhaps a third-level priest of Fire still has ordinary irises and pupils – which were as lightlessly black as his skin. What should have been the whites of his eyes were red – red as fire – red as the embers that will set flaming anything that touches them. Reddened eyes in ordinary humans look sore and sick; his looked uncanny and fathomlessly deep. What might he see with such eyes? As she had done the morning he healed her hand, she heard herself asking a question she had no intention of saying out loud: â€Å"Do you see differently?† â€Å"With my red eyes?† he said, equably enough, and blinked. His eyelids stayed closed a fraction longer than a usual blink, and when they opened again that sense of burning embers was even stronger, in a face that seemed itself to flicker slightly, like a hot fire burnt low. â€Å"I’m not sure. It’s a gradual process, being taken by Fire. I still see the leaves of the trees as green, and a cloudless sky as blue. But I see heat, in a way I remember I did not, when I†¦before I entered Fire.† â€Å"You see heat,† she said, not understanding. â€Å"You are warmer than the surrounding air,† he said. â€Å"I see – or read – that. I read Ponty as a warm space too. A warm solid space – a Ponty-shaped space. His heat outlines him, and inside†¦within that outline there is movement, swirls, billows, like a stream in wild country over a rough rocky bed†¦the movement of his life force. It moves clearly and strongly in him, like clear water. It is rarely so strong or so clear in humans. There is a rabbit in the brush over there; I see the curled and curling shape of its warmth, its body, behind the leaves, which screen it, I think, from your sight.† He looked around. â€Å"You can probably pick out the singing birds in your trees by tracing the sound; I can see the silent ones. I can see the ones invisible on their nests, and I can see how many eggs they sit on, for this late brooding. I can see where there is no life inside a shell, that it will not hatch.† â€Å"And the bees?† she said, fascinated. â€Å"Yes. The bees are tiny golden sparks, as of fire.† â€Å"Of honey.† â€Å"Yes. Of honey. The hives glitter with the movement of the bees.† â€Å"I wish I could see them like that,† she said wistfully. â€Å"It must be very beautiful.† He made no answer and – again as she had done that morning before he had first asked her to stand by him – she suddenly recalled to whom she spoke, and looked at him quickly, her mouth already open to apologise. But he was looking at her with what seemed to her was surprise. Her mouth stayed open, but no words came out. â€Å"It is very beautiful,† he said. She looked down, at her tray, at the little lopsided jar of glittering honey. â€Å"I don’t know much – I don’t know as much as I should – about Chalices,† he said. â€Å"Isn’t their usual susceptibility to water?† â€Å"Or wine,† she said. â€Å"Occasionally beer or cider or perry. Perhaps once every other century a woman who is pregnant or nursing when the Chalice comes to her finds that she holds her Chalice in milk, but that is not considered lucky for the demesne. Occasionally in a demesne near the sea it has been brine. I’ve read about the finding and naming of many Chalices now and I’ve not read of another one whose gift was honey. Never honey. I suppose that’s one of the reasons that it never occurred to me what was happening, in the beginning, after†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She knew she was talking too much, but it seemed to pour out of her, like honey from a jar: it wasn’t only the overwhelmingness of her life that made it lonely; it was that she had no one to share with how enormously interesting it also was. â€Å"And the coming is not usually so†¦melodramatic. That will have been the unsettled state of the demesne, I know, but†¦. You do get thing s like wells overflowing, but it was mead and honey everywhere here, and my goats were fountaining milk, and usually it’s not quite so†¦You know the Lady of the Ladywell was our first Chalice – that was her house well originally – her well overflowed, but all that happened, according to the records, is that it was the herald of a drought ending, and so very welcome. â€Å"This demesne has usually had water Chalices – maybe because of the willows. The last Chalice, the one who – who died† – she glanced up at him briefly and away again – â€Å"she was a water Chalice. I think that may be part of why†¦and part of why I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She had babbled on too much already, but she did not want to stop there. â€Å"There’s a very old story about a blood Chalice. She must have had a horrible time. But she brought her demesne through a series of wars that destroyed the demesnes around her, according to the story, so maybe it was worth it to her. I’ve never found any record of her, though, only the story. In the story her demesne is called Springleafturn, and there isn’t one.† â€Å"‘Part of why,'† he said. â€Å"Part of why she and my brother died?† â€Å"I don’t know,† she said. â€Å"I should not have mentioned it.† â€Å"You have the right to know how your predecessor died.† â€Å"I have the right to have been apprenticed to the Chalice I was to succeed! I have the right to have known I was her heir! You have the right to have lived here and supported your brother as Master and learnt what you needed to know as his acknowledged Heir! Our land has the right to be cared for by a Master and a Chalice who know what they’re doing and – and are able to do it!† â€Å"And Willowlands is in trouble because these rights were not honoured.† â€Å"Yes,† she said wearily. â€Å"Yes.† She did not say, And it is why two – lame, faulty, unfit, what do you call a priest of Fire exiled from his Fire? What do you call a small woodskeeper suddenly ordered to be great? – unsuitable, unready people were made Chalice and Master, and why they cannot make a damaged land whole. It is all wrong; and the frame, the pattern, the yoke that holds us all, is not yet broken, but it is breaking. â€Å"Tell me why you said what you did. That being a water Chalice was part of why they died.† She was silent a moment. At last she said, â€Å"They died of fire and wine. I – I guess – and it is only a guess – she might have shaped the way better if she had had more strength for wine. Willowlands has always been very – † She tried to think of an adjective that would fit. The only ones that came to her were â€Å"pure† or â€Å"clean† or â€Å"clear† or â€Å"simple† and she could not say any of them to the brother of the man who had made it not so. There were other demesnes whose strength was not in clarity or purity, but she did not know how to make her own another of them, even to heal it. She thought, If the land chose me, then it cannot want to go that way. The only thing I have to offer is simplicity – dumb, harassed simplicity. â€Å"He was holding one of his – parties – I guess. Yes, he had begun them before he sent me away; indeed it was because of them that he did send me away, because I could, or would, not keep silence about them. No, no one has told me this, but it was the old pavilion that burnt, and it was there I know he held his first assemblies, because it suited his purposes. How can a Master and his Chalice be so insensible as to be overcome by fire, in their own demesne, unless they are drunk – or drugged?† Quickly she said, â€Å"At least we did not lose the House.† â€Å"The House would not have borne such usage as his carouses were,† he responded just as quickly. â€Å"He had to hold them elsewhere. I am sorry the pavilion was not stronger.† â€Å"But – † she said. â€Å"The – the old magic, before the demesnes were made, the old magic still lives close under the earth there. You know this – you must have felt it too. The pavilion was power to use, for good or ill, without rule.† Another silence, while he looked at his hands. â€Å"I apologise for the violence of my words. I did not – do not – hate my brother. The bitterness I feel is the bitterness of my own frustration – my own lack of power to pull our land together again. Or rather, the power is still there, but it has been turned to, or into, Fire, and I cannot turn it back, however I try.† Savagely he clapped his hands together, and when he opened them, a pillar of fire roared up from between them – he closed them again and the fire disappeared. â€Å"That is only a trick to frighten children, here. Here I cannot be sure, if I reach out to grasp a goblet, that I won’t miss, and grab the air, or burn the hand of her who holds it out to me. It is the same when I reach for the earthlines. I miss, or do harm.† â€Å"You healed the burnt hand of the woman who held the goblet for you. It is not all tricks to frighten children,† she said, hoping he had not seen that she had been frightened just now. â€Å"I hear the earthlines too – I not only must, as Chalice, but by being Chalice I cannot help it – and I have felt no harm done lately.† He raised his eyes and looked at her. â€Å"Would you? Would you feel it? Could you say to yourself, ‘Yes, here is a break – a roughness, a troubling – that was not here a sennight ago’?† She returned his look and refused to look away. â€Å"I don’t know. That is what you are pressing me to say, is it not? I don’t know because I don’t know what the earthlines should feel like, should sound like – what they would feel like if the land were settled and content – whether their constant plaintive murmur would at last fall silent. I don’t know. It is only one of a thousand thousand things I don’t know. But I know the land lies quieter now than it did a year ago – than it did six months ago. I know the earthlines lie softer than they did.† He shifted his gaze away from her, as if looking through the woods to the House and then beyond, across the long leagues of the entire demesne. She sat staring at him, and was so far away in her thoughts that when he looked back at her she did not move her eyes quickly enough. â€Å"What do you see?† he said.